The Nugget:
Titus 3:5 Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost;
My Comment:
The basic ideas in this verse are probably quite clear to every reader. The finer details of the last portion of the verse are very instructive and less known to general readers of the Bible. As one of my memory verse texts for the plan of salvation, I concentrated on the first portion of the verse. Paul affirms that we are not saved by our works. God saved us according to His mercy. None of us could ever be good enough to merit salvation. By washing of regeneration Paul is speaking of the regenerative or transforming change brought about in our life when we believe on Christ. That regeneration is wrought in us by the “renewing of the Holy Ghost.” A truly saved person has a transformed character that through the work of the Holy Spirit produces the fruit of the Spirit described by Paul in Galatians 5:22-23.
For those who desire to DIG DEEPER into this subject:
(1) Consult the cross references given in Nelson’s Cross Reference Guide to the Bible on page 1420 for Titus 3:5.
(2) Consult the cross references given in The New Treasury of Scripture Knowledge on page 1440 or in Logos 5 Bible software for Titus 3:5.
(3) Lacking access to those two resources, consult the cross references for this passage as I have developed them as given below:
5. Not by works. Jb *9:20. 15:14. *25:4. Ps 143:2. Is *57:12. Ezk 36:32. Mt 5:16. Lk 10:27-29. Ro *3:20, +27, 28. **4:5, 6. 9:11, 16, 30. 11:6. Ga *2:16. 3:16-21. Ep **2:4, 8, 9. Ph %1:6. 2:13n. 3:9. 2 T +*1:9. of righteousness. Gr. dikaiosunē (S#1343g, Ph 1:11). Dt 9:5. Lk %1:6. Ro +*3:10, 11. have done. or, did. according. ver. 4. Ex +34:6. 1 S 12:22. Ps 62:12. *86:5, 15. 109:26. 130:7. Mi **7:18. Lk 1:50, 54, 72, 78. Ep 1:3, 6, 7. *+2:4. He *4:16. 1 P *1:3. 2:10. his mercy. Gr. eleos [(S#1656g), compassion (human or divine, especially active) [Strong]: Mt +9:13. 12:7. 23:23. Lk 1:50, 54, 58, 72, 78. 10:37. Ro 9:23. 11:31. 15:9. Ga 6:16. Ep 2:4. 1 T 1:2. 2 T 1:2, 16, 18. T 1:4. 3:5. He 4:16. Ja 2:13. 3:17. 1 P 1:3. 2 J 3. Ju 2, 21]. Ge 19:16. Nu 14:19. Ps 116:5. Is 54:10. Jon +4:2. Jn 6:37, 44n, 65. 15:19. Ro 9:16, 23. 11:30. +*12:1. Ep +2:4. 1 P 1:3. he saved us. or, delivered us. He delivered translates esōsen, an aorist active indicative form of sōzō, meaning to save, deliver, rescue, to heal (Mt 1:21 from sins; Mt 14:30, 31 from the billows; Lk 8:36 from demons; Lk 18:41-43 from blindness). Sōzō is a radical deliverance from something. Here it is deliverance by a washing, by means of rebirth and renewal, all described as the work of the Holy Spirit. He delivers us refers to full salvation. Note that salvation is viewed in Scripture as initial (Ac 16:31), completely-entirely (1 Th 5:23), progressive (Jn 3:16), and ultimate (1 C 15:53, 54) [Lavender NT, fn m]. Ps 119:146. Is 33:22. Ezk **+33:16n. 37:24. Ho 1:7. 13:9. Ac *2:47. 15:11. 18:27. 20:24. Ro 8:30. Ph *2:13n. 1 Th 1:4. 2 T 1:9. washing. or, laver (RVmg). Gr. loutron (S#3067g, only here and Ep 5:26). Washing by means of rebirth: This phrase describes by what means he delivers us. Washing is a picture of the cleansing work of the Holy Spirit, and has nothing to do with ritual, ceremony, or baptism by water (Ro 6:3n). This washing is real, transformational, and life-giving. It is the work of the Holy Spirit described as regenerative, not simply birth but a re-birth (Jn 3:3-6), or restoration to the former state—the image of God (Ge 1:26, 27; *5:3; Ep 4:24; Col 3:9, 10), further described as predestinated to similarities of the image of His Son (Ro 8:29) [Lavender NT, fn n). Ex 29:4. *30:18, 19. 38:8. 40:7. Le 11:32. Nu 31:23. 2 K 5:13. 2 Ch 4:2. Ps 26:6. *73:1. Pr 21:8. 30:12. Is *52:15. Zc 13:1. Mt 3:6. Jn **3:3-5. 13:5, 8. 19:34. Ac 2:38n. 8:36n. 26:18. 1 C *+6:11. Ep *5:26n. Col 2:12n. He **10:22n. 1 P +3:21. 1 J 5:6. of. Genitive of Apposition. The “of” is equivalent to “that is to say,” or, “consisting of.” Jn 2:21, the temple of his body. Ro 4:11, the sign of circumcision. 2 C 5:1, The house of our tabernacle.” 2 C 3:17, 18, “The spirit of the Lord.” 1 P 1:1, “Sojourners of the Dispersion” or, sojourners, that is to say, the Dispersion (see CB, Appendix 17.4, page 23). regeneration. Gr. palingenesia (S#3824g, only here and Mt 19:28), (spiritual) rebirth (the state or act), that is, (figuratively) spiritual renovation; specifically Messianic restoration (Strong). Mt +*19:28g. Jn 1:13. 3:3, 5-8. 2 C +*5:17. Ga 6:15. Ep 2:5. 4:24. Col 2:13. 1 P +*1:23. 1 J 2:29. 3:9. 4:7. 5:1, 4, 18. and. FS93A, Ge 1:26. By the Figure Hendiadys. Two things mentioned (washing, renewing) but only one thing meant. The reference is to the spiritual cleansing by the Holy Spirit in real baptism (Ac 1:5n) as opposed to ritual water baptism which has no such efficacy, the regeneration and renewing which the Holy Spirit accomplishes in creating in us the new nature in Christ. renewing. Gr. anakainōsis (S#342g, only here and Ro 12:2, the verb in Col 3:10), renovation (Strong). Renewal by the Holy Spirit: The work of the Holy Spirit is emphatically emphasized. Renewal translates anakainōseōs, essentially stating the washing by means of rebirth idea in another way. Further, anakainōseōs is another mighty declaration: compounded of ana = back, again + kainōsis = renewal: renew, complete change, i.e., it is a present transformation in which the renewed believer passes over into that former state of holiness before the Fall! What a mighty work of the Holy Spirit. Kainōsis means renew all by itself, the preposition ana added, making anakainōseōs emphatically state the transformation or the passage to the former state of holiness. Adding the preposition ana helps the noun kainōsis affirm more vividly and emphatically the newness or renewal to the former state (Lavender NT, fn o). Ps +*51:10. 104:30. Is 43:7. Jn 1:13. Ac 2:17. Ro *+12:2. 2 C *3:18. 4:16. Ep 4:22, 23. Col *3:10. He 6:6. of. or, by. Ghost. Gr. pneuma, Mt +1:18. Ps 104:30. Is 32:15. Ezk *37:14. Mk *1:8. Jn 1:33. +*14:26. Ac +*1:5n. 11:16. +*22:16. 1 C **+12:13. 1 Th 1:5.